nc (NetCDF): Stands for Network Common Data Form. How some image satellites, such as MODIS, share their data. One of the most common hierarchical was to store raster data. hdf5: Stands for Hierarchical Data Format. Common file types for this data storage method include: Hierarchical data can be a bit more involved to work with but they tend to make processing more efficient. These formats are optimal for larger data sets where you may want to subset or only work with parts of the data at one time. Hierarchical data formats can store many different types of data in one single file. This format is used given it’s simple to store and distribute. This is a text based format that stores raster data. How some image satellites, such as Landsat, share their data. One of the most common ways to store raster data. tiff: Stands for Tagged Image File Format. Common file types for raster data stored as a single file include: For landsat, often you will find each band stored as a separate. Some datasets such as landsat and NAIP are stored in single files. There are many different file types that are used to store raster data. There Are Many Different File Raster File Formats Different file types can be used to accomodate different sizes and structures of raster data. However, other data including images and time series data, may result in a raster file that is composed of multiple layers. An elevation model for example will often just have one layer representing the elevation of the earth’s surface for a particular location. Source: Colin Williams, NEON.ĭata Tip: For more information on rasters, how they work, and the types of data stored in rasters, see this chapter on using raster data from the earth data science intermediate textbook. Each cell is the same size in the x and y direction. A raster is composed of a regular grid of cells. That area is defined by the spatial resolution of the raster. Each pixel represents an area of land on the ground. However, the raster files that you will work with are different from photographs in that they are spatially referenced. You’ve looked at and used rasters before if you’ve looked at photographs or imagery in a tool like Google Earth. A raster file is composed of regular grid of cells, all of which are the same size. Each pixel value represents an area on the Earth’s surface making the data spatial. Raster or “gridded” data are stored as a grid of values which are rendered on a map as pixels.
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